You have what is called a bladder tank. It has a membrane in it that separates the water (bottom) from the air (above the membrane). There are only two things to check on such a tank.
1. Depress the air valve for two or three seconds. If water comes out, then the membrane is ruptured and the tank needs to be replaced. You can also gently tap up the side with a hammer. When the tone changes, you have found the level of the water. It should be around halfway up.
2. If the membrane is good, then the pressure at the air valve on top should be 2# below the cutin pressure, which for you would be 22#. To set this, you do need to turn off the system and drain off the pressure at an outside faucet. Set the pressure to 22#, then turn the system back on at the breaker.
The deal is this. This is not going to affect the pressure in your home. It is going to be between 24 and 39 because that is where your switch is set. If you want to raise the pressure, it is not difficult. This site gives very good directions:
How to adjust water pump pressure, pump cut-on pressure and pump cut-off pressure - private pump and well system do-it-yourself repairs
Many people find 30/50 to be a satisfactory setting. Best wishes.