can some one please tell me how to explain the behavior and response of systems in terms of specific heat capacity, temperature gradients and gas laws?

Capuchin

I don't really know how to answer your question.

The specific heat capacity specifies how much energy must be added to a material in order to raise it's temperature by one Kelvin.

A temperature gradient is simply the difference in heat between two points in a material

The main gas law is PV=nRT, from this you can derive most of the other laws, like P is proportional to 1/V etc.

Please feel free to elaborate if you need mroe information.