Hi

I am on H1 visa and I work for a company which is in Texas. Presently I am in California, working for company's client.
My payroll is run by company in Texas and they apply Texas State Tax(No sate tax) and Federal Tax on my pay check.
Do I need to pay California Income tax ?

If you live and work in California and have done so for at least a year, then FOR SURE you need to pay California taxes, as California will consider you to be a resident.

If, however, you have not been there for a year and you do not anticipate being there for at least a year, then you can argue that your job posting in California is only a temporary position.

Of course, if you make a LOT of money, it does not matter how long you work in the state, they will want their share of the loot. Baseball players like Alex Rodriguez must pay state income taxes to the various states they play in when the Yankees are on the road. That's hardly unreasonable when you consider he makes over $152,000 per game. Other professional athletes have the same problem.