I would like to know the factors that limits the max size of RAM and Hard disk and how they are calculated.

Thank you.

32 bit systems can see and access 3.2gb memory even if more is installed
64 fit systems can access above and beyond 4gb

here some info also
http://www.breakitdownblog.com/is-64bit-vista-stable-and-why-should-i-care/

http://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/en/w7itprohardware/thread/b003fcd9-251e-4b07-98e6-77055582eff6

Thank you for the reply.

I have already calculated the max size of the RAM using binary method. But,

2^32 = 4294967296 bits
4 Gb = 4294967296 bytes ( 8 * 4294967296 )

?

You can see some of the address limits of the various processors here: Intel Microprocessor Quick Reference Guide - Product Family (http://www.intel.com/pressroom/kits/quickreffam.htm)

In reality, it depends on how many bits were implemented, not how many are available.

For hard disks, you had n 512 byte sectors that could be addressed. As the drives got bigger, the 512 or clustersize had to get bigger, then eventually the fundamental file system had to change.