| Since you're using the periodic inventory system, I'm going to have to assume that the golf bags, clubs and balls are being purchased for re-sale. It's very important to know things like that. They are still an asset either way, but if you hadn't mentioned the periodic inventory, I would have just assumed they were a non-inventory asset purchase. Please be sure to give full information necessary to know the situation, like that you're working on the merchandising chapter so we can place it in context.
In a periodic inventory system, all purchases of merchandise are put into the Merchandise Inventory account, which is an asset, therefore having a normal debit balance. Since you are increasing this asset, that makes this a debit. It will remain in the asset account until it is sold.
And "on account" means the same thing it always has. By time you get to merchandising, you should already know how to record "on account," so I'm going to let you make an attempt at that part before telling you.
The terms don't have any meaning at this point so don't let that throw you off. That's a "cash discount" and is not taken until payment is made. And since payment is not being made yet, it doesn't matter for the moment.
Now I must throw in that there are actually is another way to handle that discount, which is to assume all discounts are going to be taken and to remove it from the cost immediately. You need to check the examples in your book -- look for the ones for inventory purchases and make sure they aren't taking those discounts off yet. | 
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